Qo'llanma

Filtrlar

Filtr oddiy ma'lumot. Handleringiz ichida unga check(msg) chaqirasiz, va bitta filtr ichidagi shartlar AND bilan birlashtiriladi. OR yoki murakkabroq mantiq uchun oddiy if va elif ishlating.

Factory	Qachon mos keladi
Command("start")	matn /start, shu jumladan /start@bot va /start arg
Commands(["a", "b"])	matn /a yoki /b
Text("hello")	matn aynan hello
StartsWith("/pay")	matn /pay bilan boshlanadi
EndsWith("?")	matn ? bilan tugaydi
Contains("http")	matnda http bor
ContentType("photo")	kontent turi rasm
ChatType("private")	chat shaxsiy

from mojogram import Command, ContentType, ChatType
from mojogram.types import Message

def handle(ctx: UpdateContext) raises:
    if not ctx.is_message():
        return
    var msg = ctx.message()
    if Command("start").check(msg):
        _ = ctx.answer("boshlandi")
    elif ContentType("photo").check(msg):
        _ = ctx.reply("zo'r rasm")
    elif ChatType("private").check(msg) and msg.from_user().id() == 12345678:
        _ = ctx.answer("salom admin")

Cheklangan holatlar mashinasi (FSM)

Holat va vaqtinchalik ma'lumot har chat uchun StateStore'da, butun dispatcher bo'ylab ulashilgan holda yashaydi. Har handlerning ctx.state'i joriy chatga bog'liq.

ctx.state.set_state("email_kutilmoqda")
var s = ctx.state.get_state()             # bo'sh bo'lsa ""
ctx.state.set_data("email", "x@y.z")
var e = ctx.state.get_data("email")       # standart ""
# shu chat holati va ma'lumotini o'chirish
ctx.state.clear()

Ikki bosqichli forma:

def handle(ctx: UpdateContext) raises:
    if not ctx.is_message():
        return
    var msg = ctx.message()
    if Command("start").check(msg):
        ctx.state.set_state("ism")
        _ = ctx.answer("Ismingiz?")
        return
    var st = ctx.state.get_state()
    if st == "ism":
        ctx.state.set_data("ism", msg.text())
        ctx.state.set_state("yosh")
        _ = ctx.answer("Yoshingiz?")
    elif st == "yosh":
        var ism = ctx.state.get_data("ism")
        ctx.state.clear()
        _ = ctx.answer("Tayyor, " + ism + ".")

StateStore xotirada turadi. Saqlash uchun xuddi shu metodlarni Redis yoki ma'lumotlar bazasi ustida yozing.

Klaviaturalar

from mojogram import InlineKeyboard, ReplyKeyboard

var kb = InlineKeyboard()
kb.button("Ochish", url="https://example.com")        # url tugma
# callback tugma
kb.button("Ovoz", "vote:up")
kb.button("O'chirish", "del", style="danger")           # qizil (Bot API 9.4)
# Mini App ochadi
kb.button("Mini app", web_app="https://example.com")
_ = ctx.answer("birini tanlang", "", kb.as_markup())

Reply klaviaturalar ham xuddi shunday ishlaydi va request_contact hamda request_location'ni qo'llaydi. Tugma ranglari style argumentidan keladi: danger qizil, primary ko'k, success yashil. Ular Bot API 9.4 va undan keyingi Telegram mijozlarida ko'rinadi.

Parallellik

Mojo 1.0'da threadlar yo'q, lekin parallelize bor, GIL'siz thread-pool ustida parallel for. mojogram undan poll to'plamini ixtiyoriy parallel qayta ishlash uchun foydalanadi, shunda bitta sekin handler qolganlarini ushlab qolmaydi.

from std.algorithm import parallelize

var ups = dp.poll()
var n = ups.len()

@parameter
def worker(i: Int):
    try:
        # i ni slot sifatida bering
        handle(dp.context(Update(ups.at(i)), i))
    except e:
        print(e)

parallelize[worker](n)

Indeksni slot sifatida berish har ishchining HTTP vaqtinchalik fayllarini ajratib turadi. FSM holatiga ham parallel ishchilardan tegish xavfsiz, chunki store spinlock bilan himoyalangan. Telegram flood limitlari ostida yuborish uchun yuborishlaringizni RateLimiter bilan o'rang.

Webhook'lar

Polling o'rniga push uchun WebhookServer'ni ishga tushiring. TLS'ni nginx yoki ngrok tunnelida tugating va serverga yo'naltiring.

var srv = WebhookServer(Bot(token), 8080, secret_token="my-secret")
while True:
    handle(srv.context(srv.next()))

Server Telegram'ning secret token sarlavhasini tekshiradi. U bir vaqtda bitta ulanishni qayta ishlaydi, shuning uchun yuk uchun nginx orqasida bir nechta jarayon ishga tushiring. Tayyor compose fayli uchun deploy/ga qarang.